carbonate_hardness
Definition: Carbonate hardness, is a measure of the water hardness caused by the presence of carbonate (CO2−3) and bicarbonate (HCO−3) anions. Carbonate hardness is usually expressed either in degrees KH (dKH) (from the German "Karbonathärte"), or in parts per million calcium carbonate ( ppm CaCO3 or grams CaCO3 per litre|mg/L). One dKH is equal to 17.848 mg/L (ppm) CaCO3, e.g. one dKH corresponds to the carbonate and bicarbonate ions found in a solution of approximately 17.848 milligrams of calcium carbonate(CaCO3) per litre of water (17.848 ppm). Both measurements (mg/L or KH) are usually expressed as mg/L CaCO3 – meaning the concentration of carbonate expressed as if calcium carbonate were the sole source of carbonate ions.
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